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They also needed an alternative to conventional X-rays. In a clinical linac, X-ray photons are produced by dumping high-energy electrons into a bremsstrahlung target, which is made of a material with a high atomic number, like tungsten or copper. The target slows the electrons, converting their kinetic energy into X-ray photons. It’s an inherently inefficient process that wastes most of the beam power as heat and makes it extremely difficult to reach the ultrahigh dose rates required for FLASH. High-energy electrons, by contrast, can be switched on and off within milliseconds. And because they have a charge and can be steered by magnets, electrons can be precisely guided to reach tumors deep within the body. (Researchers are also investigating protons and carbon ions; see the sidebar, “What’s the Best Particle for FLASH Therapy?”)
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Более 100 домов повреждены в российском городе-герое из-за атаки ВСУ22:53
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Is honesty always the best policy? Rapper Iggy Azalea called off her 2015 US arena tour, claiming she was fed up of "singing the same songs".
澳大利亚广播公司(ABC)新闻核查团队对该视频逐帧分析,并与其他已核实的视频进行比对,以更清楚地还原袭击是如何展开的。,推荐阅读华体会官网获取更多信息